HW 9

Objective 1

1) Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin
2) Thermal energy relates to temperature and heat because heat is the transfer of thermal energy from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature.
3) Having specific heat means having the amount of heat that's needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram by one Kelvin gram.
4) An ice cube melts in your hand because the heat from your hand is transferring to the ice cube and it is causing the ice cube to heat up and melt.
5) Some materials get hotter than others faster because the object either contains a lot of moisture, or if the object has a lower specific heat. (If the material had a higher specific heat, it would take a long time for it to heat up)


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Objective 2

1) Thermometers measure temperature by using Mercury inside of it, which get bigger when the temperature goes up, and gets smaller when the temperature is colder or gets lower.
2) The three types of temperature are alike because they all measure temperatures, but they're different because they all have different ways to measure the temperature.
3) 5 degrees C = 41 degrees F
4) 860 degrees F= 460 degrees C
5) 209,000 joules


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Objective 3


1) The three forms of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation.
2) Heat always moves 
3) Conductors and Insulators are different because conductors transfer thermal energy well, but insulators don't transfer thermal energy well.
4) A copper pipe would work better as a conductor because conductors transfer
thermal energy in a metal a lot easier than other things. 
5) To keep warm, I would first create a fire. Then, I would heat blankets by the fire. Then I would stay in the warm blankets :) Creating the fire is conduction, and heating the blankets would also be conduction. 


Objective 4


1) Matter causes state because of pressure, temperature, or heat. 
2) The particles of the substance begin to move faster, causing the substance to heat up.
3) The temperature stays the same when the state of matter changes because the energy is being used to transform the matter, in stead of being used to change the temperature of the matter. 
4) Solids melt when they reach an extreme temperature, just like any other substance.
5) You should poke holes in a baked potato before baking it because the steam and heat from the baked potato will be kept inside of the potato, causing it to over heat and EXPLODE.


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Objective 5

1) Heat engines use thermal energy to create mechanical energy from the thermal energy. 
2) Internal combustion engines are different from external combustion engines because internal uses the fuel in a cylinder directly, but external uses an outside boiler to heat and then use the fuel. They're similar because they are both used on transportation vehicles today.
3) Cars use internal combustion engines because it would be difficult to drive down the road with an external combustion engine on the side of your car. This could cause many driving problems. (or that's what I think)
4) Inside of the refrigerant, liquid turns into a gas. This is to chill the items in the fridge without giving them frost or creating ice on them. 
5) If the compressor in a fridge stopped working, then it would affect the heat transfer system because the heat of pressurization wouldn't have anywhere to go, and the fridge would heat up.


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